Te whānuitanga o te tono
◇ Whakamahia ki ngā wāhi mahi e hiahia ana te taiao ki te ātete ki te waikura, te pānga me te pēhanga nui.
◇ Ngā wheketere mīhini, ngā wheketere matū, ngā karāti, ngā tauranga, ngā awheawhe kawe utanga, ngā wheketere tā;
◇ Ngā mata o te papa e tika ana kia tu atu i ngā momo taraka forklift me ngā waka taumaha katoa.
Ngā āhuatanga mahi
◇ He āhua papatahi, he kanapa, he maha ngā tae.
◇ He kaha nui, he mārō nui, he ātete kaha ki te kakahu.
◇ He piri kaha, he ngāwari pai, ātete hoki ki te pānga.
◇ Papatahi, he maeneene, he ma, he ātete puehu, he ngāwari ki te horoi me te tiaki.
◇ He tere te hanga, he iti hoki te utu.
Ngā āhuatanga o te pūnaha
◇ He mea hanga ki te whakarewa, he tae totoka, he kanapa.
◇ Matotoru 1-5mm.
◇ Ko te roanga mahi whānui he 5-8 tau.
Taupū hangarau
| tūemi whakamātautau | Tohu | |
| Te wā whakamaroke, H | Te whakamaroke mata（H） | ≤4 |
| Whakamaroke totoka（H） | ≤24 | |
| Piripiri, taumata | ≤1 | |
| Te mārō o te pene | ≥2H | |
| Ātete pānga, Kg·cm | 50 ki roto | |
| Ngāwari | 1mm te whiti | |
| Ātete ki te pakū (750g/500r, whakahekenga taumaha, g) | ≤0.03 | |
| Ātete wai | 48h kāore he panoni | |
| Ātete ki te 10% waikawa whanariki | 56 ngā rā kāore he huringa | |
| Ātete ki te 10% konutai hauwai | 56 ngā rā kāore he huringa | |
| Ātete ki te penehīni, 120# | 56 ngā rā kāore he huringa | |
| Ātete ki te hinu whakahinuhinu | 56 ngā rā kāore he huringa | |
Te tukanga hanga
1. Maimoatanga whenua noa: kia ma te kirikiri, me maroke, kia papatahi te mata o te turanga, kaua e pokaia te ipu, kaua e kirikiri nui;
2. Paraimere: whakaranua te wāhanga takirua kia rite ki te nui o te ōwehenga kua tohua (hurihuri hiko mō te 2-3 meneti), me te hanganga roera, waru rānei;
3. I roto i te moata peita: whakaranua ngā wāhanga e rua kia rite ki te nui kua tohua o te onepu kuata (hurihuri hiko mō te 2-3 meneti), me te hanganga waru;
4. I roto i te putty peita: tāpirihia ngā wāhanga e rua kia rite ki te nui o te whakaoho kua tohua (hurihuri hiko mō te 2-3 meneti), me te hanganga waru;
5. Panana o runga: te tae me te rongoā whakamaroke e ai ki te nui kua tohua o te ōwehenga whakaoho (hurihuri hiko mō te 2-3 meneti), me te hanga hurihuri, te rehu rānei.
Kōtaha hangahanga
