Te raro whakakanapa-ā-ake o te paninga ārai-paru moana
Whakaahuatanga Hua
He hua paninga motuhake te peita ārai-whakakanapa-ā-unoa. Ka pāngia te mata o te paninga e te tauhohenga matū. I a te kaipuke e rere ana i roto i te wai, ka āta whakakanapahia, ka memeha haere te paninga, ā, ka memeha haere. Mā tēnei āhuatanga ka noho ma tonu te mata o te kaipuke, ā, ka ārai hoki i ngā mea ora o te moana pērā i te mātaitai me te rimurimu kei piri ki te anga o te kaipuke.
Ko te kaupapa ārai-paru o te peita ārai-paru whakakanapa-ake e ahu mai ana i tōna hanganga matū ahurei. Kei roto ētahi pūmua wai-whakarewa me ngā tāpiringa paitini koiora. I roto i te taiao wai moana, ka wai-whakarewa haere ngā pūmua, ka whakahou tonu i te mata o te peita ārai-paru, ā, ka taea e ngā tāpiringa paitini koiora te aukati i te piri o ngā mea ora moana ki te mata hou kua kitea.
- Ki te whakaritea ki ngā peita ārai-paru tuku iho, he nui ngā painga o ngā peita ārai-paru whakakanapa-ake. I muri i te whakamahinga o ngā peita ārai-paru tuku iho mō tētahi wā, ka heke haere te pānga ārai-paru, ā, me whakamahi anō i ngā wā katoa. Ehara i te mea ka pau te wā me te utu nui, engari ka pā pea ki te taiao. He rerekē, ka taea e ngā peita ārai-paru whakakanapa-ake te whakamahi tonu i tō rātou pānga ārai-paru mō te wā roa, ka whakaiti i te auau o te tiaki me te whakamahi anō i ngā taunga kaipuke.
- I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā peita ārai-parauri e whakakanapa ana i a ia anō i roto i ngā momo kaipuke, tae atu ki ngā kaipuke hokohoko, ngā kaipuke pakanga, me ngā waka tere. Mō ngā kaipuke hokohoko, mā te pupuri i te ma o te anga ka taea te whakaiti i te ātete o te rere me te whakapai ake i te pai o te wahie, ā, ka penapena i ngā utu whakahaere. Mō ngā kaipuke pakanga, mā te mahi ārai-parauri pai ka āwhina i te tere o te rere me te nekenekehanga o te kaipuke, ā, ka whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te whawhai. Mō ngā waka tere, ka taea te pupuri i te āhua o te anga kia pai tonu te āhua, me te whakapai ake i te ataahua.
- I te mea kei te piki haere ngā whakaritenga tiaki taiao, kei te whanake tonu, kei te auaha tonu hoki ngā peita ārai-parauri whakakanapa-ake. E whakapau kaha ana ngā kaimahi R&D ki te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā tāpiringa paitini koiora i roto i aua peita, me te whakapai ake i te mahi a te peita ārai-parauri kia tutuki ai he pānga ārai-parauri pai ake mō te taiao me te whai hua. Ko ētahi peita ārai-parauri whakakanapa-ake hou e whakamahi ana i te nanotechnology hei whakarei ake i tō rātou kaha ārai-parauri me te mahi whakakanapa-ake mā te whakarerekē i te hanganga moroiti o te paninga. I te heke mai, e tūmanakohia ana ka nui ake te mahi a ngā peita ārai-parauri whakakanapa-ake i roto i te mara o te hangarau moana, ā, ka tautoko kaha i te whanaketanga o te umanga moana.
Ngā āhuatanga matua
Ārai i ngā rauropi moana kei kino ki te raro o te kaipuke, kia ma ai te raro; Ka tere te whakakanapa aunoa me te whakakoi hei whakaiti i te taratara o te raro o te kaipuke, me te whakaiti i te tōia pai; Kāore he patu pepeke kei roto i te organotin, ā, kāore he kino ki te taiao moana.
whakaaturanga tono
E whakamahia ana mō ngā wāhanga o raro i te wai o te raro o te kaipuke me ngā hanganga moana, hei ārai i te piri o ngā rauropi moana. Ka taea te whakamahi hei peita tiaki ārai-paru mō te raro o ngā kaipuke e whakatere ana i te ao me te taunga poto.
ngā whakamahinga
Ngā Whakaritenga Hangarau
- Te maimoatanga mata: Me ma, me maroke, me kore he poke i ngā mata katoa. Me aromatawai, me te maimoatanga hoki i runga anō i te ISO8504.
- Ngā mata kua pania ki te peita: He paninga paninga ma, maroke, ā, kāore he pakaru. Tena koa whakapā atu ki te tari hangarau o tā mātou whare wānanga.
- Tiaki: Ngā wāhi waikura, horoia mā te wai pēhanga tino teitei ki te taumata WJ2 (NACENo.5/SSPC Sp12) mā te horoi taputapu hiko rānei, kia rite ki te taumata St2 te iti rawa.
- Ētahi atu mata: Ka whakamahia tēnei hua mō ētahi atu papa. Tena koa whakapā atu ki te tari hangarau o tā mātou whare wānanga.
- Ngā peita taurite i muri i te paninga: Ngā paninga wai, ngā paninga raupapa konutea silicate wairewa-waipiro, ngā paninga whai-konutea epoxy, ngā paninga ārai-waikura maimoatanga-iti, ngā peita tango waikura me te ārai-waikura motuhake, ngā paninga konutea phosphate, ngā peita ārai-waikura epoxy rino waikura konutea, me ētahi atu.
- Ngā peita ōrite i muri i te paninga: Kāore.
- Ngā tikanga hanga: Kaua e iti iho i te 0℃ te pāmahana o te papa, ā, kia 3℃ te teitei ake i te pāmahana o te hauhautanga (me ine te pāmahana me te haumākū whanaunga tata ki te papa). I te nuinga o te wā, me pai te hauhautanga kia maroke noa ai te peita.
- Ngā tikanga hanga: Te peita rehu: Te rehu kore hau, te rehu āwhina-hau rānei. E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia te rehu kore hau pēhanga teitei. Mēnā ka whakamahia te rehu āwhina-hau, me aro ki te whakarerekē i te matotoru o te peita me te pēhanga hau. Kaua te nui o te hinu whakahinuhinu e neke ake i te 10%, ki te kore ka pā ki te mahi paninga.
- Te peita paraihe: E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia i roto i te paninga-mua me te peita iti-wāhi, engari me eke ki te matotoru kiriata maroke kua tohua.
Ngā Tuhipoka hei Whakarongo
Kei roto i tēnei paninga ngā matūriki tae, nō reira me whakaranu pai, me whakaoho hoki i mua i te whakamahinga. He pānga nui te matotoru o te kiriata peita ārai-paru ki te pānga ārai-paru. Nō reira, kāore e taea te whakaiti i te maha o ngā paparanga paninga, ā, kaua e tāpirihia noatia te whakarewa hei whakarite i te matotoru o te kiriata peita. Hauora me te Haumaru: Kia tūpato ki ngā tohu whakatūpato kei runga i te ipu takai. Whakamahia i roto i te taiao e pai ana te hau. Kaua e hongihia te kohu peita, ā, karohia te pa ki te kiri. Ki te pā te peita ki te kiri, horoia tonutia ki te hopi horoi e tika ana, ki te wai. Ki te pā ki ngā kanohi, horoia ki te nui o te wai, ā, rapua tonutia he maimoatanga hauora.
