Ngā Pūrongo - Ko te ao o āpōpō ko te ao o ngā paninga ārai-waikura matomato taumaha.

Ngā paninga ārai-waikura

Me te ia o te whanaketanga o te hoahoa hanganga mai iraima whakapakari to hanganga maitai, ngā paningakei te anga whakamua ki ngā whakaritenga hou, inā koa ki te roa o te ora tiaki-ā-waikura o ngā paninga,mahi paningao ngā rauemi, te rerekētanga o ngā rauemi i ngā wā o te tau, me te atawhai ki te taiao.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ko ngā mate ōhanga ā-tau a Haina i puta mai iwhakarewaHe nui te waikura, e 5% pea o te hua whenua whānui o te motu!Te hinu me te hautata ki te 10 piriona yuan te utu o te pūnaha, tata ki te 5.5 piriona yuan te utu mō te umanga waro, ā, tata ki te 1.6 piriona yuan te utu mō te pūnaha hiko. Ko te uara whakaputa ahumahi katoa o te umanga peita katoa, engari kāore he rauemi mata, he haurua noa iho, e kitea ana ko te wāhi ongā paninga ārai-waikuraka taea te mahi.

Ko ngā hua paninga ārai-waikura o ēnei rā e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga hinu, te umanga kōka, te umanga matū hangai waro me ētahi atu rāngai o te hua hei rauemi mata, he nui ake te kounga, kei te whānui haere hoki te whānuitanga o te tono, me pēhea te tere ake i te whanaketanga o te mara o te paninga ārai-waikura, kia pai ake ai tōna tūranga i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te ratonga, e whakanohoia ana ki mua i te iwi peita he mahi whakakororia, he mahi uaua hoki.
I roto i te taiao whānui o te mākete o ngā paninga ārai-waikura, mā te maia ki te tango i te auahatanga hangarau hei kaha akiaki, te tango i te tiaki taiao hei kawenga mōna ake, te rangahau me te whakawhanake tonu i ngā hangarau hou me ngā hua hou, ka taea e ia te whakawhānui tonu i te whānuitanga o te tono o ngā paninga ārai-waikura me te takoha i tōna ake kaha ki te hanganga o Haina me te umanga matū moana.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā paninga ārai-waikura i roto i ngā ahumahi hou, te kawe waka, te pūngao, te hangarau moana me ētahi atu rāngai. E ai ki te ātete ki te waikura o te kiriata paninga me ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga, e rua ngā wāhanga e wehea ana: te momo tikanga me te momo ārai-waikura taumaha.

He mahi ārai-waikura tā ngā paninga ārai-waikura tuku iho i roto i ngā konganuku, ā, ka tiakina te roa o te ora o ngā konganuku kore-ferrous i raro i ngā āhuatanga whānui; Ko ngā paninga ārai-waikura taumaha e pā ana ki tētahi akomanga o ngā paninga ārai-waikura ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te taiao waikura tino kino, ā, he roa ake te wā tiaki i ngā paninga ārai-waikura tuku iho..

1, te hua ki te ahunga maha-mahi

E ai ki ngā tatauranga kāore anō kia oti, neke atu i te 1000 ngā momo paninga ārai-waikura i Haina, ā, ko te whakarōpūtanga tuku iho mā te kapia ko te epoxy, te epoxy asphalt, te asphalt, te rapa chlorinated, te polyethylene chlorosulfonated, te polyvinyl chloride, te pervinyl chloride, te urushiol resin, te ethyl silicate, te polyethylene chlorinated teitei, te polyurethane, te polyurethane asphalt, te phenolic, te peita alkyd me ētahi atu.
I ngā tau tata nei, he maha ngā paninga ārai-waikura pai rawa atu o te kapia whakarerekētia, pērā i te kapia alkyd whakarerekētia polysulfide rapa whakarerekētia epoxy whakarerekētia ātete-waikura me te waikawa kiriaku whakarerekētia alkyd enamel mō ngā pouaka waka tereina, me te whakakotahi i ngā āhuatanga o Haina ake o ngā paninga ārai-waikura, pērā i te titanium urushiol, urushiol epoxy, urushiol silicon taumaha ārai-waikura. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1990, kua nohoia haeretia e tētahi whakatupuranga hou o te pūnaha paninga ārai-waikura te ao matua o te rangahau mākete me te tono, ā, kua whakaputaina ngā paninga ārai-waikura tiaki taiao pērā i te epoxy wai-tū me ngā paninga kiriaku wai-tū, kua whakarei ake i ngā momo paninga ārai-waikura, ā, kua whanake haere i te huarahi maha-mahi.

2, te tono mākete me te whānuitanga o ngā tono

E ai ki ngā tatauranga kāore anō kia oti, e 700 pea, ā, e tata ana ki te 100 ngā kaihanga e tohunga ana ki te hanga paninga ārai-waikura, engari kāore i te nui te tauine, ā, neke atu i te 1,000 tana te putanga ā-tau, he torutoru noa iho ngā tāne. Ko te nuinga o ēnei umanga whakaputa kei ngā kawanatanga me ngā tāone o Haina me te rohe tonga waenga. Nā te rerekētanga o te taiao tūturu me ngā āhuatanga whanaketanga o ngā kawanatanga me ngā tāone rerekē, kāore i te ōrite ngā momo me ngā whakamahinga o ngā paninga ārai-waikura.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā paninga ārai-waikura o Haina e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i te umanga matū me te hinu, te rerewē, te huarahi me te piriti, te umanga whakarewa, te umanga hiko me te pūngao, te umanga mīhini me te kakahu, te mara hua ahumahi, te umanga motuka, te umanga kaipuke me te ipu. I roto i ēnei, ko te umanga matū me te hinu te mea tino hiahiatia, tae atu ki ngā whare mara hinu, ngā paipa hinu, ngā papaaho moana, te hanganga maitai o te tipu hinu-matū me te hanganga raima whakapakari ārai-waikura; I taua wā anō, ko te hanganga hou me te tiaki i ngā piriti rerewē me te rori ngā wāhanga matua o ngā tono paninga ārai-waikura, hei tāpiri, ko te mara o ngā hua ahumahi me ngā mara ārai-waikura moana pērā i ngā motuka me ngā kaipuke ngā wāhi tino hiahiatia i roto i te mākete paninga ārai-waikura.

3. Kua nui te aro ki ngā paninga ārai-waikura tiaki taiao

I tēnei wā, kei te neke haere te paninga ārai-waikura o Haina i te huarahi o te mahi teitei, te whai huatanga teitei, te iti o te whakapaunga pūngao me te iti o te parahanga, ā, ko ētahi kaihanga paninga ārai-waikura e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi mata iti-parahanga mō te hanga, kua whakakorehia e ngā umanga paninga ārai-waikura te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mata paninga kua āraia, kua whakakapia ki ngā hua rauemi mata e pai ake ana ki te taiao, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te penapena pūngao, ngā hua e pai ana ki te taiao.
E whakaponohia ana i roto i ngā tau torutoru e whai ake nei, ko ngā paninga moana, ngā papa hinu, ngā paninga ipu, ngā paninga ārai-waikura matū, ngā ara rerewē, ngā piriti huarahi, ngā paninga ārai-waikura hanganga maitai, me ngā paninga hanganga tāone kei te mākete wera tonu, me haere tonu ngā umanga paninga ārai-waikura ā-rohe ki te whakapakari i te taumata ngaio, ki te whakarato hua kounga teitei me ngā ratonga tino pai, kia nui ake ai ngā mahi me ngā takoha ki te mākete ārai-waikura o Haina.

4. Kei te tere haere te tipu o ngā paninga ārai-waikura moana

I ēnei rā, kei te whānui haere tonu te whanaketanga o te Moana, ā, ka haere tonu te hanga i te piriti whakawhiti-moana hei hanganga mō te whanaketanga Moana, ā, me roa te ora o ēnei hanganga Moana ki te ārai i te waikura, ka puta mai he mākete nui mō ngā paninga ārai-waikura Moana. Hei tāpiri, me te whanaketanga o te maha o ngā mara hinu o raro moana, ka puta mai hoki ngā paipa hei kawe i te hinu me te hau tetahi i muri i tetahi. I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere haere te hanganga o ngā hanganga tauranga o Haina, ā, kei te kaha te whakamahere me te hanga i te mana hau moana, nā ēnei i puta mai ai ngā whai wāhitanga whanaketanga hou mō te mākete paninga ārai-waikura Moana. I tēnei wā, kei te anga whakamua ngā kaihanga paninga ārai-waikura Moana o Haina ki te whanaketanga o ngā paninga ārai-waikura matomato, penapena rauemi, mahi-teitei. I te heke mai, ka whakawhanakehia hoki e mātou ngā paninga ārai-waikura me te ārai-waikura pāmahana teitei, te ārai-pūmau, te ngāwari teitei, te kore-paitini me ētahi atu mahi maha. E ai ki ngā whakapae a te umanga, ko te mākete paninga ārai-waikura Moana o Haina i roto i te umanga hanga kaipuke me te ipu me ngā Piriti whakawhiti-moana, ngā papa hinu moana me te hanganga tauranga takutai me ētahi atu āhuatanga, ka tipu i te tere ā-tau neke atu i te 30%.

Mō mātou

Tā mātou kamupeneKua piri tonu mātou ki te "pūtaiao me te hangarau, te kounga tuatahi, te pono me te pono, me te whakatinanatanga tino tika o te pūnaha whakahaere kounga o te ao ls0900l: .2000. Ko tā mātou whakahaere pakari me te auahatanga hangarau, me te ratonga kounga e whakatairanga ana i te kounga o ngā hua, ā, i rongonui te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi.Hei wheketere Hainamana kaha, he paerewa ngaio hoki, ka taea e mātou te whakarato tauira mā ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki te hoko, ki te hiahia koe ki te peita ārai-waikura, tēnā whakapā mai.